The composition of Fushun oil shale (OS) was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X⁃Ray Diffractomer(XRD).The effects of transition metal salt catalysts (shale ash as a carriers on NiCl ₂·6H ₂O, CuCl ₂·2H ₂O, ZnCl ₂) on the catalytic effect of pyrolysis of OS and precipitation of volatilization were investigated by TG⁃MS. Coats⁃Redfern model was used to analyze the effect of transition metal salt catalyst on the activation energy of OS pyrolysis. The results show that the minerals in OS are mainly composed of quartz, aluminosilicate and a small amount of carbonate, and the organic matter is mainly aliphatic compound. Three transition metal salt catalysts can all promote the pyrolysis of OS. The OS can be rapidly pyrolyzed at 390.1~581.8 ℃ when it is pyrolyzed alone, accounting for 76.19% of the total weight loss. According to the kinetic analysis, the activation energy required by OS pyrolysis can be reduced by the transition metal salt catalysts. NiCl ₂·6H ₂O has the highest capacity (18.7 kJ/mol) to reduce the activation energy of OS pyrolysis, which is 23.55% lower than that of OS pyrolysis alone. The catalytic activity of the transition metal salt catalysts are in a sequence of NiCl ₂·6H ₂O>CuCl ₂·2H ₂O>ZnCl ₂. In addition, the transition metal salt catalysts can also promote the cracking, aromatization and coking of volatiles in the pyrolysis of the OS, Thereby increasing the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons (represented by alkanes and alkenes) and aromatic hydrocarbons in volatiles.

TG was used to study the thermogravimetric behavior of Fushun oil shale at different heating rates in argon atmosphere. Four thermal kinetic models, DAEM model, Coats⁃Redfern method, FWO method and Doyle method, were compared and analyzed. The results show that the results of different dynamic model analysis are different: Coats⁃Redfern method, activation energy (E) has little change, and E belongs to the average value in a certain temperature range, which increases with the increase of heating rates as a whole. E is 109.40 kJ/mol when the heating rate is 20 ℃/min. The E of the DAEM model, the Doyle method, and the FWO method all increase with the increase of conversion rate. In addition, the E obtained by the DAEM model and the FWO method are relatively close, the DAEM model has the highest coefficient of determination. Therefore, the DAEM model is the most suitable for the kinetic analysis of Fushun oil shale pyrolysis among four thermodynamic analysis methods.

        The carbon flow model was established based on Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) and the factors that cause the carbon emission were analysis by mathematical programming. The evaluation indicators were defined in order to evaluate the carbon flowing of TDCS. The results show that the main form of carbon emission is the carbon gases discharged to the environment for TDCS. The main sub-process of carbon emission is the preheating subprocess. And the carbon emission increases with the increasing of fuel consumption and C/H ratio, which influence the carbon emission most.